EARTH DAM

HI EVERYBODY,
"DAMS ARE TEMPLES OF MODERN INDIA" PUNDIT JAWAHARLAL NEHRU THE FIRST PRIME MINISTER OF INDIA TOLD. BUT NOW A STRONG ANTI-DAM LOBBY IS WORKING IN INDIA. THEY CALL THEMSELVES AS ACTIVISTS. HOW THIS CHANGE OF MIND CAME ? BEFORE GOING DEEP INTO SUCH CONTROVERSY
LET US LEARN SOMETHING ABOUT DAMS.
WHAT IS A DAM?
Dam is a solid barrier constructed at a suitable location across a river valley to store flowing water.
WHAT ARE THE OBJECTIVE OF STORAGE OF WATER?

Hydropower
Irrigation
Water for domestic consumption
Drought and flood control
For navigational facilities
Other additional utilization is to develop fisher.

Basic Civil Engineering-Levelling

Hi everybody,
We have seen that Leveling is an operation determining the relative elevations of different points on the surface of earth.
By the relative elevation is meant the difference of elevation between any two points considered . There may be rise or fall at one point with respect to other . The relative elevations of different points are always referred to some datumto represent them on the plan or map.USUALLY THE MEAN SEA LEVEL(MSL) IS TAKEN AS THE DATUM.
Instruments used for levelling
1)LEVEL
2)lEVELLING STAFF
3) CHAIN OR TAPE AND A LEVEL FIELD BOOK IS USED TO RECORD THE B.S,F.SAND I.S AND R.L
WHAT IS B.S ,F.S,I.S AND R.L? WE WILL SEE.

Basic Civil Engineering- Surveying and Levelling

Hi,
SURVEYING IS AN ART OF DETERMINING THE RELATIVE POSITIONS OF POINTS ON,ABOVE,OR BENEATH THE SURFACE OF THE EARTH.
BY MEASURING THE DISTANCES,DIRECTION,AND ELEVATION ,THE RELATIVE POSITIONS OF POINTS CAN BE DETERMINED.
AFTER KNOWING THE RELATIVE POSITIONS OF POINTS ,THEY CAN BE REPRESENTED ON A PLAN
SURVEYING IS ESSENTIALLY A PROCESS OF DETERMINING THE RELATIVE POSITIONS OF POINTS IN A HORIZONTAL PLANE.
SURVEYING INCLUDES LEVELING ALSO.
LEVELING IS AN ART OF DETERMINING THE RELATIVE HEIGHTS OF ELEVATIONS OF DIFFERENT POINTS ON EARTH'S SURFACE SO THAT THE LEVELS OF THAT CAN BE REPRESENTED ON A PLAN.
IT IS ESSENTIALLY A PROCESS TO DETERMINE THE RELATIVE POSITIONS OF POINTS IN A VERTICAL PLANE.
THE MAIN OBJECTIVE OF SURVEYING IS TO PREPARE A PLAN OR MAP.

Basic Civil Engineering-Scope of Civil engineering

Hi Everybody,
The Major Specializations civil engineering are:-
1) FLUID MECHANICS, HYDRAULICS,AND HYDRAULIC MACHINES
2) GEO-TECHNICAL ENGINEERING
3) IRRIGATION ENGINEERING
4) STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING
5) SURVEYING AND LEVELING AND REMOTE SENSING
6) TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
7) WATER SUPPLY , SANITARY AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING.

Basic Civil Engineering

HI EVERYBODY,
LET US LEAN ABOUT THE BASIC CIVIL ENGINEERING.
CIVIL ENGINEERING IS THAT BRANCH OF ENGINEERING WHICH LOOKS AFTER THE BASIC NEEDS OF HUMAN BEINGS. IT IS ALSO THE BACKBONE OF OF DEVELOPMENT OF INFRASTRUCTURE WHICH IS NECESSARY FOR THE ECONOMIC GROWTH OF THE COUNTRY. HENCE IT IS ESSENTIAL THAT THE BASICS OF THE CIVIL ENGINEERING SHOULD BE KNOWN BY ALL,ESPECIALLY ALL ENGINEERING STUDENTS.ENGINEERS HAVE CONTRIBUTED MUCH FOR THE SHAPING OF CIVILIZATION. THE ROLE OF ENGINEERS IN SOCIETY IS TO DEVELOP THE TECHNOLOGICAL APPLICATION TO THE PRACTICAL NEEDS OF THAT SOCIETY.
THE SYSTEM THAT SUPPLY OUR FOOD ,WATER,FUEL,POWER,TRANSPORTATION NETWORK,COMMUNICATION AND OTHER CONVENIENCES ARE THE PRODUCT OF ENGINEERING SKILL. EVEN THOUGH THEY PLAY A CRUCIAL ROLE IN THE ABOVE PROGRESS AND WELL BEING OF THE SOCIETY ,THEIR ROLE IS ALWAYS MISUNDERSTOOD OR NOT PERFECTLY UNDERSTOOD.
ENGINEERING IS THE ART OF CONVERTING KNOWLEDGE INTO USEFUL PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS.OFTEN THEIR HAVE BEEN DIFFICULTIES IN DISTINGUISHING ENGINEERS FROM SCIENTISTS. THE BASIC DISTINCTION BETWEEN THE LINKED PROFESSIONS OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LIES IN THEIR GOALS.
CIVIL ENGINEERING.
CIVIL ENGINEERING IS THAT BRANCH OF ENGINEERING WHICH PROVIDES A COMFORTABLE AND SAFE LIVING TO PEOPLE. SHELTER IS PROVIDED BY CIVIL ENGINEERS. WE SAY (ROTI,KAPPADA AUR MAKKAN),THAT IS FOOD,CLOTH AND SHELTER ARE THE THREE BASIC NEEDS OF MANKIND.
A MALAYALAM POET HAS SUNG THERE IS PLACE FOR SNAKE TO LIVE IN ,SKY TO BIRDS BUT NO LIVING PLACE FOR MEN TO LIVE. THIS SHOW THE STRONG WISH FOR A MAN TO HAVE A SAFE SHELTER. THAT IS BEING PROVIDED BY CIVIL ENGINEERS.
THE EFFICIENT PLANNING OF WATER SUPPLY AND IRRIGATION SYSTEMS INCREASES THE FOOD PRODUCTION IN A COUNTRY.COMMUNICATION LINES LIKE ROADS,RAILWAYS,BRIDGES etc..WITHOUT WHICH DEVELOPMENT IS IMPOSSIBLE ARE THE FRUITS OF CIVIL ENGINEERS WORK.
I AM PROUD TO SAY I AM A CIVIL ENGINEER.WHO SERVED KERALA STATE FOR 31LONG YEARS IN THE WATER RESOURCE DEPARTMENT. THAT'S ALL FOR THE DAY. SCOPE OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND DIFFERENT SPECIALIZATION OF CIVIL ENGINEERING FIELD CONTINUES....NEXT WAIT.....