Friday, December 19, 2014
Monday, July 21, 2014
Sunday, July 20, 2014
STORAGE REQUIREMENT OF INDIA BY 2050
STORAGE REQUIREMENT OF INDIA
---------------------------------------------
1) THERE IS WIDE TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL RAINFALL VARIATION IN INDIA .
2) 75% OF TOTAL RAINFALL IS RECEIVED DURING THE 4 MONSOON MONTHS .
3) INDIAN RIVERS , THOSE WHICH ARE NOT FED BY SNOW MELT , CARRY MEAGRE DISCHARGE DURING NON-MONSOON MONTHS .
4) FIVE YEAR PLANS , INITIATED AFTER INDEPENDENCE , LAID EMPHASIS ON CREATION OF STORAGES.
5 ) LIVE STORAGE CAPACITY OF RESERVOIRS
i. At the time of independence. - 15.6 BCM
II.At present. - 225 BCM
6) ADDITIONAL CAPACITY EXPECTED
i. Projects under construction. - 64 BCM
II. PROJECT UNDER CONTEMPLATION -108 BCM .
7) DEMAND OF WATER 2050
I. Low projection. - 973 BCM
II. High projection. - 1180 BCM
8. ) STORAGE REQUIRED - 450BCM
) STORAGE THAT WOULD HAVE CREATED - 397 BCM
SHORTFALL. - 53 BCM.
WE WANT MORE STORAGE CAPACITY .
---------------------------------------------
1) THERE IS WIDE TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL RAINFALL VARIATION IN INDIA .
2) 75% OF TOTAL RAINFALL IS RECEIVED DURING THE 4 MONSOON MONTHS .
3) INDIAN RIVERS , THOSE WHICH ARE NOT FED BY SNOW MELT , CARRY MEAGRE DISCHARGE DURING NON-MONSOON MONTHS .
4) FIVE YEAR PLANS , INITIATED AFTER INDEPENDENCE , LAID EMPHASIS ON CREATION OF STORAGES.
5 ) LIVE STORAGE CAPACITY OF RESERVOIRS
i. At the time of independence. - 15.6 BCM
II.At present. - 225 BCM
6) ADDITIONAL CAPACITY EXPECTED
i. Projects under construction. - 64 BCM
II. PROJECT UNDER CONTEMPLATION -108 BCM .
7) DEMAND OF WATER 2050
I. Low projection. - 973 BCM
II. High projection. - 1180 BCM
8. ) STORAGE REQUIRED - 450BCM
) STORAGE THAT WOULD HAVE CREATED - 397 BCM
SHORTFALL. - 53 BCM.
WE WANT MORE STORAGE CAPACITY .
WATER RESOURCE POTENTIAL OF INDIA
WATER RESOURCE POTENTIAL OF INDIA
---------------------------------------------------
ANNUAL AVERAGE AVAILABLE WATER RESOURCE OF OUR COUNTRY - 1869 BCM.
UTILIZABLE WATER RESOURCE - 1123 BCM
SURFACE WATER. - 690 BCM
GROUND WATER. - 433. BCM
ULTIMATE IRRIGATION POTENTIAL ( UIP). - 113.47 MHa
FROM MAJOR& MEDIUM. - 58.47 MHa
MINOR IRRIGATION. - 55 MHa
---------------------------------------------------
ANNUAL AVERAGE AVAILABLE WATER RESOURCE OF OUR COUNTRY - 1869 BCM.
UTILIZABLE WATER RESOURCE - 1123 BCM
SURFACE WATER. - 690 BCM
GROUND WATER. - 433. BCM
ULTIMATE IRRIGATION POTENTIAL ( UIP). - 113.47 MHa
FROM MAJOR& MEDIUM. - 58.47 MHa
MINOR IRRIGATION. - 55 MHa
Thursday, May 8, 2014
MULLAIPPERIYAAR ISSUE
" TO RAISE OR NOT TO RAISE THAT WAS THE QUESTION "
The above sentence may remind you of the famous sentence from the drama HAMLET by Shakespeare. "To be or not be that's the question ,whether the nobler in the mind to suffer to die to sleep "
Hamlet was in a perplex mood the thought of die or to live came to his mind .
Similarly,
It was a life and death problem for the farmers of Tamilnadu and People living downstream of the age old dam .
Now the final verdict of The Supreme Court of India was delivered on 7th Day of May 2014.
As an Engineering student , especially the Civil Engineering students should know the History of The Dam .
Those of you who read news papers might have known something about the issue.
Now let us Study about the problem .
To learn about the problem you should study about the design of Dams .
Saturday, March 23, 2013
Friday, March 22, 2013
Water in the form of ice.
Today in Ashland . There was snow fall of about 3"yesterday . Can we make use of ice to make drinking water?
WATER COPERATION
Today is celebrated as World Water Day.Every year March 22 is earmarked for conducting awareness campaign by UN about the subject 'WATER '. This practice started from the year 1992. They keep the subject alive on a particular theme . This year is the 'Year of International Water Coperation. '
Water is available in atmosphere in all the three forms -Solid,Liquid,Gas-Ice ,Water,and Steam .
The total quantity of Water in atmosphere remains same.It is available in different forms. Atmospheric moisture,surface water,underground water,soil moisture, in plants and trees and in han bodies and in all animals and living beings.
The Sanskrit verse says 'APO VA IDAGUM SARVAM ' means Water is Everything. Without water no living being can exist. Access to fresh quality water should be declared as a Human right. No body can withhold access to any body.
But the greed , had made water as a commodity nay economic commodity. Problem started then onwards. When the natural resources are made as a economic good and tradable item profit making business eyes fell on that . The ownership question over the most essential life sustaining element on earth became a source of profit for those companies . Immediate access to such a vital element is denied to those who do not have the purchasing power.
When I was a child fresh water was available for drinking free of cost .Now I have to pay .My capacity and willingness to pay decide the availability .
Actually in India , the war on water between regions were escalated during nineties.
I am going to tell a story about the good Samaritan who felt making available water for drinking and for irrigation to his neighbors .
Watercoperation between two neighboring states of India is a model . It is an example of Coperation between two ideologies .
Now let us read about ,
PARAMBIKULAM -ALIYAR PRJECT . As I know.
Water is available in atmosphere in all the three forms -Solid,Liquid,Gas-Ice ,Water,and Steam .
The total quantity of Water in atmosphere remains same.It is available in different forms. Atmospheric moisture,surface water,underground water,soil moisture, in plants and trees and in han bodies and in all animals and living beings.
The Sanskrit verse says 'APO VA IDAGUM SARVAM ' means Water is Everything. Without water no living being can exist. Access to fresh quality water should be declared as a Human right. No body can withhold access to any body.
But the greed , had made water as a commodity nay economic commodity. Problem started then onwards. When the natural resources are made as a economic good and tradable item profit making business eyes fell on that . The ownership question over the most essential life sustaining element on earth became a source of profit for those companies . Immediate access to such a vital element is denied to those who do not have the purchasing power.
When I was a child fresh water was available for drinking free of cost .Now I have to pay .My capacity and willingness to pay decide the availability .
Actually in India , the war on water between regions were escalated during nineties.
I am going to tell a story about the good Samaritan who felt making available water for drinking and for irrigation to his neighbors .
Watercoperation between two neighboring states of India is a model . It is an example of Coperation between two ideologies .
Now let us read about ,
PARAMBIKULAM -ALIYAR PRJECT . As I know.
Sunday, January 13, 2013
PENNY JOHN CUICK-THE PIONEER OF IBT IN INDIA.
HI READER,
BEFORE WRITING MY EXPERIENCE IN THIS SUBJECT ,I WISH TO SHOWER ENCOMIUMS TO THE FIRST ROYAL ENGINEER WHO MOOTED THE IDEA OF INTER BASIN TRANSFER OF WATER FROM ONE RIVER BASIN TO ANOTHER. HIS VENTURE IS UNIQUE IN THE SENCE THAT HE DIDNOT TRANSFER WATER FROM ONE BASIN TO NEARBY NEXT BASIN. HE FOUGHT AGAINST THE NATURE .TO DIVERT THE NATURAL FLOW OF WATER FROM ONE DIRECTION TO EXACTLY TO THE OPPOSITE DIRECTION. ONE OF THE WEST FLOWING RIVERS ,PERIYAR,IN SOUTHERN TIP OF INDIA ,WAS DIVERTED TO EAST TO JOIN THE EAST FLOWING RIVER VAIGAI OF MADURAI DISTRICT.
THIS WAS A MARVELLOUS ENGINEERING FEATIN THOSE AGES WHEN TECHNOLOGY OF CONSTRUCTION HAD NOT REACHED TO THE LEVEL OF MODERN AGE.HATS OFF TO PENNY JOHN CUICK.
BEFORE WRITING MY EXPERIENCE IN THIS SUBJECT ,I WISH TO SHOWER ENCOMIUMS TO THE FIRST ROYAL ENGINEER WHO MOOTED THE IDEA OF INTER BASIN TRANSFER OF WATER FROM ONE RIVER BASIN TO ANOTHER. HIS VENTURE IS UNIQUE IN THE SENCE THAT HE DIDNOT TRANSFER WATER FROM ONE BASIN TO NEARBY NEXT BASIN. HE FOUGHT AGAINST THE NATURE .TO DIVERT THE NATURAL FLOW OF WATER FROM ONE DIRECTION TO EXACTLY TO THE OPPOSITE DIRECTION. ONE OF THE WEST FLOWING RIVERS ,PERIYAR,IN SOUTHERN TIP OF INDIA ,WAS DIVERTED TO EAST TO JOIN THE EAST FLOWING RIVER VAIGAI OF MADURAI DISTRICT.
THIS WAS A MARVELLOUS ENGINEERING FEATIN THOSE AGES WHEN TECHNOLOGY OF CONSTRUCTION HAD NOT REACHED TO THE LEVEL OF MODERN AGE.HATS OFF TO PENNY JOHN CUICK.
Wednesday, January 9, 2013
INTER BASIN TRANSFER OF WATER
WISH YOU ALL A HAPPY 2013.
AFTER A LONG GAP LET ME START AGAIN .
AFTER A LONG GAP LET ME START AGAIN .
Interbasin transfer or transbasin diversion are terms used to describe man-made
conveyance schemes which move water from one river basin where it is available, to
another basin where water is less available .
The purpose of such designed schemes can be to alleviate water shortages in the
receiving basin, to generate electricity, or both. While ancient water supply
examples exist, the first modern developments were undertaken in the 19th
century in Australia, India and the United States. Since conveyance of water
between natural basins are described as both a subtraction at the source and as
an addition at the destination, such projects may be controversial in some
places and over time; they may also be seen as controversial due to their
scale, costs and environmental or developmental impacts. Green Revolution in India and hydropower development in Canada
could not have been accomplished without such man-made transfers.(COURTSEY WIKIPEDIA).
PARAMBIKULAM-ALIYAR
A BRIEF
THIS PROJECT IS A SYMBOL OF INTER-STATE
CO-OPERATION OF THE TWO NEIGHBOURING STATES OF INDIA- KERALA AND TAMIL NADU.
THIS IMAGINATIVE CONCEPT AND BOLD APPROACH AND INGENIOUS IN PLANNING AND
BENEFICIAL FOR BOTH TAMILNADU AND KERALASTATE WOULD NOT HAVE BEEN POSSIBLE BUT
FOR THE ACTIVE INVOLVEMENT OF STATESMEN LIKE SRI.K.KAMARAJ, THE THEN TAMILNADU
CHIEF MINISTER AND SRI. E.M.S NAMBOOTHIRIPPAD, THE THEN KERALA CHIEF MINISTER. THE
THEN PRIME MINISTER OF INDIA SRI.JAWAHARLAL NEHRU GAVE HIS FULL FLEDGED SUPPORT
TO THE WATER RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT PROJECT WHICH IS UNIQUE IN NATURE.
Let us talk about it.
Sunday, June 3, 2012
Saturday, June 2, 2012
Freequently Asked Question-Basic Civil
Hi Everybody,
What are the questions frequently asked in basic civil engineering?
1.Define Surveying
2.What are the Principles of Surveying?
3.Mention the uses of cement
4.What are the constituents of concrete?
5.Define Bearing Capacity of soil.
6.Write the functions of foundation.
7.Define column ,beam and lintel
8.Draw neat sketches of queen closer and king closer.
9.Write different types of bridges,
10.What are the sources of water supply?
11.What is leveling?
12.Give examples of igneous rock,sedimentary rock,and metamorphic rock
13.what is hydration of cement?
14.What is meant by M15 concrete?
15.Define safe bearing capacity.
16.Give a list of bonds in brick works.
17.What are the usual causes of failure of foundation?
18.What is the difference between pier and abutment?
19.What is the function of infiltration gallery?
20. What is Water-bound macadam in roads construction?
21.Find area using Simpsons rule and trapezoidal rule.
22.Define chain surveying.explain about various instrument used in chain survey.
23.Explain about different types of construction materials.
24.Explain the properties of a)Concrete b)Cement c)Timber d) plywood e) paints
25.What are the factors affecting bearing capacity of soil?
26.Explain briefly the methods to improve bearing capacity of soil.
27.Explain the types of foundation with neat sketches.
28.Write down the difference between the English bond and Flemish bond.
29.Draw neatly the arrangement of 11/2 brick thick wall in English bond.
30.What are the difference between brick masonry and stone masonry
31. Explain the different type of flooring with neat drawing .write their merit and demerit.
32.explain the types of dam
33. Write the various operations involved in water treatment with neat sketch.
34.write different methods for distribution of water in cities and town.
35.what are the classification of bricks? what are the constituents of brick?
36.What are the qualities of good brick/
37.What are the character of soft and hard timber?
38.Explain in detail different methods of Seasoning of Timber.
39.draw neat sketches of i)isolated foundation ii) combined footing iii) Under reamed pile foundation.
40. Explain various kinds of rubble masonry.
41.Explain the importance of roads in the development of a country.
42.What is water bound macadam explain with neat sketch.
43.What are the types of bridges ? Why they are necessary for transportation?
44.Give a neat sketch of plan and elevation of a bridge and name its components.
45.what are the purposes of dams?
46.Explain with neat sketches various types of earthen dams.
47.what is the difference with a culvert and bridge .explain.
48.what are causeways?
49.What are the difference between Damp proof Course and Weathering Coat / Explain
50.. Explain the defects in plastering and the remedies for minimizing the defects in plastering
Oh too long .
It is easy to ask questions but very difficult to answer. Isn't it?
Wish you all success in your exams.
READ, w Rite,REPEAT,REMEMBER AND REPRODUCE .
What are the questions frequently asked in basic civil engineering?
1.Define Surveying
2.What are the Principles of Surveying?
3.Mention the uses of cement
4.What are the constituents of concrete?
5.Define Bearing Capacity of soil.
6.Write the functions of foundation.
7.Define column ,beam and lintel
8.Draw neat sketches of queen closer and king closer.
9.Write different types of bridges,
10.What are the sources of water supply?
11.What is leveling?
12.Give examples of igneous rock,sedimentary rock,and metamorphic rock
13.what is hydration of cement?
14.What is meant by M15 concrete?
15.Define safe bearing capacity.
16.Give a list of bonds in brick works.
17.What are the usual causes of failure of foundation?
18.What is the difference between pier and abutment?
19.What is the function of infiltration gallery?
20. What is Water-bound macadam in roads construction?
21.Find area using Simpsons rule and trapezoidal rule.
22.Define chain surveying.explain about various instrument used in chain survey.
23.Explain about different types of construction materials.
24.Explain the properties of a)Concrete b)Cement c)Timber d) plywood e) paints
25.What are the factors affecting bearing capacity of soil?
26.Explain briefly the methods to improve bearing capacity of soil.
27.Explain the types of foundation with neat sketches.
28.Write down the difference between the English bond and Flemish bond.
29.Draw neatly the arrangement of 11/2 brick thick wall in English bond.
30.What are the difference between brick masonry and stone masonry
31. Explain the different type of flooring with neat drawing .write their merit and demerit.
32.explain the types of dam
33. Write the various operations involved in water treatment with neat sketch.
34.write different methods for distribution of water in cities and town.
35.what are the classification of bricks? what are the constituents of brick?
36.What are the qualities of good brick/
37.What are the character of soft and hard timber?
38.Explain in detail different methods of Seasoning of Timber.
39.draw neat sketches of i)isolated foundation ii) combined footing iii) Under reamed pile foundation.
40. Explain various kinds of rubble masonry.
41.Explain the importance of roads in the development of a country.
42.What is water bound macadam explain with neat sketch.
43.What are the types of bridges ? Why they are necessary for transportation?
44.Give a neat sketch of plan and elevation of a bridge and name its components.
45.what are the purposes of dams?
46.Explain with neat sketches various types of earthen dams.
47.what is the difference with a culvert and bridge .explain.
48.what are causeways?
49.What are the difference between Damp proof Course and Weathering Coat / Explain
50.. Explain the defects in plastering and the remedies for minimizing the defects in plastering
Oh too long .
It is easy to ask questions but very difficult to answer. Isn't it?
Wish you all success in your exams.
READ, w Rite,REPEAT,REMEMBER AND REPRODUCE .
Saturday, May 12, 2012
F.AQ in IRRIGATION
Hi Everybody!
What are the Frequently Asked Questions in IRRIGATION? this may be your Question.
Here are Some .
1) What is irrigation? It is the artificial supply of water to the field for thwe growth of plants .
2)What is the need for irrigation? what are the benefits ?
3) What are the different sources of irrigation ? Explain in detail
4) What are the different Methods of irrigation .Explain with neat sketches .and advantage and disadvantages of each one.
Explain in detail the scope of development in India and history of development of irrigation in India.
5)Write the concept of duty and what are the factors affecting duty?
6) what are the difference between duty and delta explain in detaial. now you have covered almost all FAQ in unit I .Irrigation as a science
Now coming to UNIT-2 Crop water requirement .
It is the portion most of the irrigation engineers don't give importance as they think it is the duty of Agriculture officers and agricultural engineers to worry about. But it is very important for a civil engineer to know something about CROP_SOIL_WATER relation ship.
What is EVAPO_TRANSPIRSATION ? What do you understand by consumptive use ?How will you assess the crop water requirement ? What do you understand by GIR,NIR,? What is effective rainfall? What do you understand by Precipitation ? discuss in detail about the water cycle or hydro-logical cycle.
what do you understand about water-logging ? how to remedy it?
NEXT ......
CONVEYANCE AND DISTRIBUTION OF IRRIGATION WATER effeciently is the main duty of an IRRIGATION ENGINEER.
What is a Head work? What are the important diversion and storage works ? How a canal is designed .What are the design formulae?
What do you understand about the distribution system -Main canal,Branch canal, Distributory,Field channel ,watercourses,Minor distributery etc.. ?
What do you understand by CD works and CM works? Give examples of Cross drainage works .
Name some of Cross masonry works .
differentiate between superpassage and undertunnel.
Aqueduct and siphon aqueduct. Culvert and bridge
IT is very important for an engineer to be a Manager also. WATER MANAGEMENT is needed now adays as the supply and demand doesnot match.
What is the need for optimising water use?
How to improve productivity of crop with unit quantity of water?
How to minimise the loss of water in irrigation?
What are the physicasl structures used to control the supply of water to land ?
Why operational rules and regulations needed ?
What do you know about WUA(Water Users Association)?
What do you understand about PIM (PARTICIPATORY IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT)?
What are the advanTAGES OF LINING CANALAL ? WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF LINING?
NEXT BECOMES THE VERY IMPORTANT CHAPTER .
DESIGN OF STRUCTURES .
WHAT ARE THE CAUSES OF FAILURE OF AN EARTHEN DAM /? HOW WILL YOU DESIGN AN EARTHEN DAM .
WHAT DO YOU UNDERSTAND BY PIPING? HOW TO AVOID IT?
WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF DAMS .HOMOGENEOUS AND ZONED .WHAT DO YOU UNDERSTAND .EXPLAIN WITH NEAT SKETCH.
WHAT IS BLIGHES THOERY .HOW WILL YOU DESIGN A WEIR?
WHAT ARE THE DESIGN CRITERIA OF DESIGNING A SIMPLE MASONRY DAM?
THEN
PROBLEMS ? wORKED OUT NUMERICAL PROBLEMS . oNCE YOU ARE THOUROUGH ABOUT FORMULA IT IS EASY TO SOLVE .
NOW YOU FIND OUT ANSWERS FOR THESE FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS .
WISH YOU ALL GRAND SUCCESS IN YOUR EXAMINATIONS.
PROF RAJAGOPAL
What are the Frequently Asked Questions in IRRIGATION? this may be your Question.
Here are Some .
1) What is irrigation? It is the artificial supply of water to the field for thwe growth of plants .
2)What is the need for irrigation? what are the benefits ?
3) What are the different sources of irrigation ? Explain in detail
4) What are the different Methods of irrigation .Explain with neat sketches .and advantage and disadvantages of each one.
Explain in detail the scope of development in India and history of development of irrigation in India.
5)Write the concept of duty and what are the factors affecting duty?
6) what are the difference between duty and delta explain in detaial. now you have covered almost all FAQ in unit I .Irrigation as a science
Now coming to UNIT-2 Crop water requirement .
It is the portion most of the irrigation engineers don't give importance as they think it is the duty of Agriculture officers and agricultural engineers to worry about. But it is very important for a civil engineer to know something about CROP_SOIL_WATER relation ship.
What is EVAPO_TRANSPIRSATION ? What do you understand by consumptive use ?How will you assess the crop water requirement ? What do you understand by GIR,NIR,? What is effective rainfall? What do you understand by Precipitation ? discuss in detail about the water cycle or hydro-logical cycle.
what do you understand about water-logging ? how to remedy it?
NEXT ......
CONVEYANCE AND DISTRIBUTION OF IRRIGATION WATER effeciently is the main duty of an IRRIGATION ENGINEER.
What is a Head work? What are the important diversion and storage works ? How a canal is designed .What are the design formulae?
What do you understand about the distribution system -Main canal,Branch canal, Distributory,Field channel ,watercourses,Minor distributery etc.. ?
What do you understand by CD works and CM works? Give examples of Cross drainage works .
Name some of Cross masonry works .
differentiate between superpassage and undertunnel.
Aqueduct and siphon aqueduct. Culvert and bridge
IT is very important for an engineer to be a Manager also. WATER MANAGEMENT is needed now adays as the supply and demand doesnot match.
What is the need for optimising water use?
How to improve productivity of crop with unit quantity of water?
How to minimise the loss of water in irrigation?
What are the physicasl structures used to control the supply of water to land ?
Why operational rules and regulations needed ?
What do you know about WUA(Water Users Association)?
What do you understand about PIM (PARTICIPATORY IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT)?
What are the advanTAGES OF LINING CANALAL ? WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF LINING?
NEXT BECOMES THE VERY IMPORTANT CHAPTER .
DESIGN OF STRUCTURES .
WHAT ARE THE CAUSES OF FAILURE OF AN EARTHEN DAM /? HOW WILL YOU DESIGN AN EARTHEN DAM .
WHAT DO YOU UNDERSTAND BY PIPING? HOW TO AVOID IT?
WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF DAMS .HOMOGENEOUS AND ZONED .WHAT DO YOU UNDERSTAND .EXPLAIN WITH NEAT SKETCH.
WHAT IS BLIGHES THOERY .HOW WILL YOU DESIGN A WEIR?
WHAT ARE THE DESIGN CRITERIA OF DESIGNING A SIMPLE MASONRY DAM?
THEN
PROBLEMS ? wORKED OUT NUMERICAL PROBLEMS . oNCE YOU ARE THOUROUGH ABOUT FORMULA IT IS EASY TO SOLVE .
NOW YOU FIND OUT ANSWERS FOR THESE FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS .
WISH YOU ALL GRAND SUCCESS IN YOUR EXAMINATIONS.
PROF RAJAGOPAL
Sunday, March 25, 2012
WORLD WATERDAY 2012
ON MARCH 22 EVERY YEAR WORLD WATER DAY IS BEING CONDUCTED. THIS YEAR THEME IS FOOD AND WATER SECURITY. I REMEMBER THIS DAY IN MY LIFE THROUGHOUT AS ON THIS DAY I WAS PROMOTED AS CHIEF ENGINEER ,WATER RESOURCE DEPARTMENT OF GOD'S OWN COUNTRY-KERALA,WHERE THE AVERAGE ANNUAL RAINFALL IS CALCULATED TO BE 3000mm. BUT THIS AVERAGE IS NOT GIVING THE TRUE PICTURE OF KERALA'S REAL POSITION IN WATER RESOURCE. WILL ANYBODY BELIEVE THAT DURING SUMMER MANY OF KERALA'S VILLAGES ARE UNDER REAL WATER SCARCITY? BUT TRUTH ARE STRANGER THAN FICTION. COCHIN ,THE SMART CITY IS A THIRST CITY IN SUMMER .THE PEOPLE OF VYPIN ARE THE WORST HIT . THERE ARE MANY PLACES IN PALAKKAD -THE LAND OF MANY DAMS-WHICH ARE UNDER SEVERE WATER SCARCITY.
THE ONLY RICE BOWL OF KERALA CHITTUR IS LOOKING EAST(TAMILNADU'S)FOR MERCY FOR RELEASE OF WATER FROM PAP TO MANACADAVU.THE INTERSTATE AGREEMENT IS OVERDUE FOR REVIEW. THOUGH AT THE END OF THIRTY YEAR FROM THE DATE OF ITS VALIDITY(,29-05-1958)THE AGREEMENT IS DUE FOR REVIEW , IT IS STILL IN ITS ORIGINAL STATE. IF ITS IMPLEMENTATION OF REVIEW IS FURTHER DELAYED FOR ANOTHER 6 YEARS IT WILL BE 60 YEARS -THE TIME FOR SECOND REVIEW-2018..WILL THE NEIGHBORS -(TAMILNADU AND KERALA )SIT TOGETHER FOR AN AMICABLE SOLUTION SO THAT CHITTUR WILL BE BLESSED WITH SUFFICIENT WATER FOR ITS THIRSTY PADDY-FIELDS AND CHALAKKUDY AND KERALA SHOLAYAAR WILL GET ITS SHARE OF POWER? WE ARE THIRSTY BECAUSE THEY ARE HUNGRY?
THE ONLY RICE BOWL OF KERALA CHITTUR IS LOOKING EAST(TAMILNADU'S)FOR MERCY FOR RELEASE OF WATER FROM PAP TO MANACADAVU.THE INTERSTATE AGREEMENT IS OVERDUE FOR REVIEW. THOUGH AT THE END OF THIRTY YEAR FROM THE DATE OF ITS VALIDITY(,29-05-1958)THE AGREEMENT IS DUE FOR REVIEW , IT IS STILL IN ITS ORIGINAL STATE. IF ITS IMPLEMENTATION OF REVIEW IS FURTHER DELAYED FOR ANOTHER 6 YEARS IT WILL BE 60 YEARS -THE TIME FOR SECOND REVIEW-2018..WILL THE NEIGHBORS -(TAMILNADU AND KERALA )SIT TOGETHER FOR AN AMICABLE SOLUTION SO THAT CHITTUR WILL BE BLESSED WITH SUFFICIENT WATER FOR ITS THIRSTY PADDY-FIELDS AND CHALAKKUDY AND KERALA SHOLAYAAR WILL GET ITS SHARE OF POWER? WE ARE THIRSTY BECAUSE THEY ARE HUNGRY?
Saturday, December 24, 2011
MERRY CHRISTMAS AND HAPPY NEW YEAR
HI EVERYBODY,
LAST FEW MONTHS THERE WERE CONFLICTS GOING ON EVERYWHERE IN INDIA. ESPECIALLY IN SOUTH INDIA . BROTHERS ON THE BORDER OF KERALA AND TAMIL NADU WERE FIGHTING OVER AN ISSUE. PASSIONS WERE RUNNING HIGH. HATE SPEECHES AND ACTIONS WERE SEEN. IT IS VERY SAD TO SEE THAT A DAM BUILT BY THE BRITISH A CENTUARY BACK DIVIDES THE DRAVIDIAN BROTHERS-TAMILS AND MALAYALEES .
ON DECEMBER 25TH LORD JESUS WAS BORN TO PROPAGATE THE MESSAGE OF LOVE AND PEACE .
HIS FAMOUS WORDS LET US ALL REMEMBER " LOVE THY NEIGHBOUR ". LET US ALL REMEMBER THIS MESSAGE ON THIS CHRISTMAS EVE.
LET THE NEW YEAR BRING PEACE AND PROSPERITY TO ALL.
"THOSE WHO DONOT KNOW THEIR OPPONENT'S ARGUMENTS DO NOT COMPLETELY UNDERSTAND THEIR OWN" ..."THOSE WITH WHOM ONE DISAGREES SHOULD NOT NECESSARILY REGARDED AS ENEMIES,BUT PERHAPS SIMPLY AS PEOPLE WHO SUGGESTS DIFFERENT PATHS TO A COMMON GOAL"(DAVID L.BLENDER ,PUBLISHER OPPOSING VIEWPOINTS SERIES). LET US AGREE TO DISAGREE AND FIND A SOLUTION THROUGH DIALOGUE AMICABLY TO ALL OUR PROBLEMS. Sri SAI BABA appealed to the people not to entertain hatred of any kind. HE TOLD " NEVER HATE ANY RELIGION,NEVER HATE ANY INDIVIDUAL" .WHAT GOVERNMENT BABU'S COULD NOT DO BABA DID. HE BROUGHT DRINKING WATER FROM ANDHRAPRADESH TO CHENNAI.
I WISH ALL MY READERS, A HAPPY AND PROSPEROUS NEW YEAR 2012.
LAST FEW MONTHS THERE WERE CONFLICTS GOING ON EVERYWHERE IN INDIA. ESPECIALLY IN SOUTH INDIA . BROTHERS ON THE BORDER OF KERALA AND TAMIL NADU WERE FIGHTING OVER AN ISSUE. PASSIONS WERE RUNNING HIGH. HATE SPEECHES AND ACTIONS WERE SEEN. IT IS VERY SAD TO SEE THAT A DAM BUILT BY THE BRITISH A CENTUARY BACK DIVIDES THE DRAVIDIAN BROTHERS-TAMILS AND MALAYALEES .
ON DECEMBER 25TH LORD JESUS WAS BORN TO PROPAGATE THE MESSAGE OF LOVE AND PEACE .
HIS FAMOUS WORDS LET US ALL REMEMBER " LOVE THY NEIGHBOUR ". LET US ALL REMEMBER THIS MESSAGE ON THIS CHRISTMAS EVE.
LET THE NEW YEAR BRING PEACE AND PROSPERITY TO ALL.
"THOSE WHO DONOT KNOW THEIR OPPONENT'S ARGUMENTS DO NOT COMPLETELY UNDERSTAND THEIR OWN" ..."THOSE WITH WHOM ONE DISAGREES SHOULD NOT NECESSARILY REGARDED AS ENEMIES,BUT PERHAPS SIMPLY AS PEOPLE WHO SUGGESTS DIFFERENT PATHS TO A COMMON GOAL"(DAVID L.BLENDER ,PUBLISHER OPPOSING VIEWPOINTS SERIES). LET US AGREE TO DISAGREE AND FIND A SOLUTION THROUGH DIALOGUE AMICABLY TO ALL OUR PROBLEMS. Sri SAI BABA appealed to the people not to entertain hatred of any kind. HE TOLD " NEVER HATE ANY RELIGION,NEVER HATE ANY INDIVIDUAL" .WHAT GOVERNMENT BABU'S COULD NOT DO BABA DID. HE BROUGHT DRINKING WATER FROM ANDHRAPRADESH TO CHENNAI.
I WISH ALL MY READERS, A HAPPY AND PROSPEROUS NEW YEAR 2012.
Monday, September 26, 2011
EARTH DAM
HI EVERYBODY,
"DAMS ARE TEMPLES OF MODERN INDIA" PUNDIT JAWAHARLAL NEHRU THE FIRST PRIME MINISTER OF INDIA TOLD. BUT NOW A STRONG ANTI-DAM LOBBY IS WORKING IN INDIA. THEY CALL THEMSELVES AS ACTIVISTS. HOW THIS CHANGE OF MIND CAME ? BEFORE GOING DEEP INTO SUCH CONTROVERSY
LET US LEARN SOMETHING ABOUT DAMS.
WHAT IS A DAM?
Dam is a solid barrier constructed at a suitable location across a river valley to store flowing water.
WHAT ARE THE OBJECTIVE OF STORAGE OF WATER?
Hydropower
Irrigation
Water for domestic consumption
Drought and flood control
For navigational facilities
Other additional utilization is to develop fisher.
"DAMS ARE TEMPLES OF MODERN INDIA" PUNDIT JAWAHARLAL NEHRU THE FIRST PRIME MINISTER OF INDIA TOLD. BUT NOW A STRONG ANTI-DAM LOBBY IS WORKING IN INDIA. THEY CALL THEMSELVES AS ACTIVISTS. HOW THIS CHANGE OF MIND CAME ? BEFORE GOING DEEP INTO SUCH CONTROVERSY
LET US LEARN SOMETHING ABOUT DAMS.
WHAT IS A DAM?
Dam is a solid barrier constructed at a suitable location across a river valley to store flowing water.
WHAT ARE THE OBJECTIVE OF STORAGE OF WATER?
Hydropower
Irrigation
Water for domestic consumption
Drought and flood control
For navigational facilities
Other additional utilization is to develop fisher.
Saturday, September 10, 2011
Basic Civil Engineering-Levelling
Hi everybody,
We have seen that Leveling is an operation determining the relative elevations of different points on the surface of earth.
By the relative elevation is meant the difference of elevation between any two points considered . There may be rise or fall at one point with respect to other . The relative elevations of different points are always referred to some datumto represent them on the plan or map.USUALLY THE MEAN SEA LEVEL(MSL) IS TAKEN AS THE DATUM.
Instruments used for levelling
1)LEVEL
2)lEVELLING STAFF
3) CHAIN OR TAPE AND A LEVEL FIELD BOOK IS USED TO RECORD THE B.S,F.SAND I.S AND R.L
WHAT IS B.S ,F.S,I.S AND R.L? WE WILL SEE.
We have seen that Leveling is an operation determining the relative elevations of different points on the surface of earth.
By the relative elevation is meant the difference of elevation between any two points considered . There may be rise or fall at one point with respect to other . The relative elevations of different points are always referred to some datumto represent them on the plan or map.USUALLY THE MEAN SEA LEVEL(MSL) IS TAKEN AS THE DATUM.
Instruments used for levelling
1)LEVEL
2)lEVELLING STAFF
3) CHAIN OR TAPE AND A LEVEL FIELD BOOK IS USED TO RECORD THE B.S,F.SAND I.S AND R.L
WHAT IS B.S ,F.S,I.S AND R.L? WE WILL SEE.
Tuesday, September 6, 2011
Basic Civil Engineering- Surveying and Levelling
Hi,
SURVEYING IS AN ART OF DETERMINING THE RELATIVE POSITIONS OF POINTS ON,ABOVE,OR BENEATH THE SURFACE OF THE EARTH.
BY MEASURING THE DISTANCES,DIRECTION,AND ELEVATION ,THE RELATIVE POSITIONS OF POINTS CAN BE DETERMINED.
AFTER KNOWING THE RELATIVE POSITIONS OF POINTS ,THEY CAN BE REPRESENTED ON A PLAN
SURVEYING IS ESSENTIALLY A PROCESS OF DETERMINING THE RELATIVE POSITIONS OF POINTS IN A HORIZONTAL PLANE.
SURVEYING INCLUDES LEVELING ALSO.
LEVELING IS AN ART OF DETERMINING THE RELATIVE HEIGHTS OF ELEVATIONS OF DIFFERENT POINTS ON EARTH'S SURFACE SO THAT THE LEVELS OF THAT CAN BE REPRESENTED ON A PLAN.
IT IS ESSENTIALLY A PROCESS TO DETERMINE THE RELATIVE POSITIONS OF POINTS IN A VERTICAL PLANE.
THE MAIN OBJECTIVE OF SURVEYING IS TO PREPARE A PLAN OR MAP.
SURVEYING IS AN ART OF DETERMINING THE RELATIVE POSITIONS OF POINTS ON,ABOVE,OR BENEATH THE SURFACE OF THE EARTH.
BY MEASURING THE DISTANCES,DIRECTION,AND ELEVATION ,THE RELATIVE POSITIONS OF POINTS CAN BE DETERMINED.
AFTER KNOWING THE RELATIVE POSITIONS OF POINTS ,THEY CAN BE REPRESENTED ON A PLAN
SURVEYING IS ESSENTIALLY A PROCESS OF DETERMINING THE RELATIVE POSITIONS OF POINTS IN A HORIZONTAL PLANE.
SURVEYING INCLUDES LEVELING ALSO.
LEVELING IS AN ART OF DETERMINING THE RELATIVE HEIGHTS OF ELEVATIONS OF DIFFERENT POINTS ON EARTH'S SURFACE SO THAT THE LEVELS OF THAT CAN BE REPRESENTED ON A PLAN.
IT IS ESSENTIALLY A PROCESS TO DETERMINE THE RELATIVE POSITIONS OF POINTS IN A VERTICAL PLANE.
THE MAIN OBJECTIVE OF SURVEYING IS TO PREPARE A PLAN OR MAP.
Basic Civil Engineering-Scope of Civil engineering
Hi Everybody,
The Major Specializations civil engineering are:-
1) FLUID MECHANICS, HYDRAULICS,AND HYDRAULIC MACHINES
2) GEO-TECHNICAL ENGINEERING
3) IRRIGATION ENGINEERING
4) STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING
5) SURVEYING AND LEVELING AND REMOTE SENSING
6) TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
7) WATER SUPPLY , SANITARY AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING.
The Major Specializations civil engineering are:-
1) FLUID MECHANICS, HYDRAULICS,AND HYDRAULIC MACHINES
2) GEO-TECHNICAL ENGINEERING
3) IRRIGATION ENGINEERING
4) STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING
5) SURVEYING AND LEVELING AND REMOTE SENSING
6) TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
7) WATER SUPPLY , SANITARY AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING.
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