Friday, March 22, 2013
Water in the form of ice.
Today in Ashland . There was snow fall of about 3"yesterday . Can we make use of ice to make drinking water?
WATER COPERATION
Today is celebrated as World Water Day.Every year March 22 is earmarked for conducting awareness campaign by UN about the subject 'WATER '. This practice started from the year 1992. They keep the subject alive on a particular theme . This year is the 'Year of International Water Coperation. '
Water is available in atmosphere in all the three forms -Solid,Liquid,Gas-Ice ,Water,and Steam .
The total quantity of Water in atmosphere remains same.It is available in different forms. Atmospheric moisture,surface water,underground water,soil moisture, in plants and trees and in han bodies and in all animals and living beings.
The Sanskrit verse says 'APO VA IDAGUM SARVAM ' means Water is Everything. Without water no living being can exist. Access to fresh quality water should be declared as a Human right. No body can withhold access to any body.
But the greed , had made water as a commodity nay economic commodity. Problem started then onwards. When the natural resources are made as a economic good and tradable item profit making business eyes fell on that . The ownership question over the most essential life sustaining element on earth became a source of profit for those companies . Immediate access to such a vital element is denied to those who do not have the purchasing power.
When I was a child fresh water was available for drinking free of cost .Now I have to pay .My capacity and willingness to pay decide the availability .
Actually in India , the war on water between regions were escalated during nineties.
I am going to tell a story about the good Samaritan who felt making available water for drinking and for irrigation to his neighbors .
Watercoperation between two neighboring states of India is a model . It is an example of Coperation between two ideologies .
Now let us read about ,
PARAMBIKULAM -ALIYAR PRJECT . As I know.
Water is available in atmosphere in all the three forms -Solid,Liquid,Gas-Ice ,Water,and Steam .
The total quantity of Water in atmosphere remains same.It is available in different forms. Atmospheric moisture,surface water,underground water,soil moisture, in plants and trees and in han bodies and in all animals and living beings.
The Sanskrit verse says 'APO VA IDAGUM SARVAM ' means Water is Everything. Without water no living being can exist. Access to fresh quality water should be declared as a Human right. No body can withhold access to any body.
But the greed , had made water as a commodity nay economic commodity. Problem started then onwards. When the natural resources are made as a economic good and tradable item profit making business eyes fell on that . The ownership question over the most essential life sustaining element on earth became a source of profit for those companies . Immediate access to such a vital element is denied to those who do not have the purchasing power.
When I was a child fresh water was available for drinking free of cost .Now I have to pay .My capacity and willingness to pay decide the availability .
Actually in India , the war on water between regions were escalated during nineties.
I am going to tell a story about the good Samaritan who felt making available water for drinking and for irrigation to his neighbors .
Watercoperation between two neighboring states of India is a model . It is an example of Coperation between two ideologies .
Now let us read about ,
PARAMBIKULAM -ALIYAR PRJECT . As I know.
Sunday, January 13, 2013
PENNY JOHN CUICK-THE PIONEER OF IBT IN INDIA.
HI READER,
BEFORE WRITING MY EXPERIENCE IN THIS SUBJECT ,I WISH TO SHOWER ENCOMIUMS TO THE FIRST ROYAL ENGINEER WHO MOOTED THE IDEA OF INTER BASIN TRANSFER OF WATER FROM ONE RIVER BASIN TO ANOTHER. HIS VENTURE IS UNIQUE IN THE SENCE THAT HE DIDNOT TRANSFER WATER FROM ONE BASIN TO NEARBY NEXT BASIN. HE FOUGHT AGAINST THE NATURE .TO DIVERT THE NATURAL FLOW OF WATER FROM ONE DIRECTION TO EXACTLY TO THE OPPOSITE DIRECTION. ONE OF THE WEST FLOWING RIVERS ,PERIYAR,IN SOUTHERN TIP OF INDIA ,WAS DIVERTED TO EAST TO JOIN THE EAST FLOWING RIVER VAIGAI OF MADURAI DISTRICT.
THIS WAS A MARVELLOUS ENGINEERING FEATIN THOSE AGES WHEN TECHNOLOGY OF CONSTRUCTION HAD NOT REACHED TO THE LEVEL OF MODERN AGE.HATS OFF TO PENNY JOHN CUICK.
BEFORE WRITING MY EXPERIENCE IN THIS SUBJECT ,I WISH TO SHOWER ENCOMIUMS TO THE FIRST ROYAL ENGINEER WHO MOOTED THE IDEA OF INTER BASIN TRANSFER OF WATER FROM ONE RIVER BASIN TO ANOTHER. HIS VENTURE IS UNIQUE IN THE SENCE THAT HE DIDNOT TRANSFER WATER FROM ONE BASIN TO NEARBY NEXT BASIN. HE FOUGHT AGAINST THE NATURE .TO DIVERT THE NATURAL FLOW OF WATER FROM ONE DIRECTION TO EXACTLY TO THE OPPOSITE DIRECTION. ONE OF THE WEST FLOWING RIVERS ,PERIYAR,IN SOUTHERN TIP OF INDIA ,WAS DIVERTED TO EAST TO JOIN THE EAST FLOWING RIVER VAIGAI OF MADURAI DISTRICT.
THIS WAS A MARVELLOUS ENGINEERING FEATIN THOSE AGES WHEN TECHNOLOGY OF CONSTRUCTION HAD NOT REACHED TO THE LEVEL OF MODERN AGE.HATS OFF TO PENNY JOHN CUICK.
Wednesday, January 9, 2013
INTER BASIN TRANSFER OF WATER
WISH YOU ALL A HAPPY 2013.
AFTER A LONG GAP LET ME START AGAIN .
AFTER A LONG GAP LET ME START AGAIN .
Interbasin transfer or transbasin diversion are terms used to describe man-made
conveyance schemes which move water from one river basin where it is available, to
another basin where water is less available .
The purpose of such designed schemes can be to alleviate water shortages in the
receiving basin, to generate electricity, or both. While ancient water supply
examples exist, the first modern developments were undertaken in the 19th
century in Australia, India and the United States. Since conveyance of water
between natural basins are described as both a subtraction at the source and as
an addition at the destination, such projects may be controversial in some
places and over time; they may also be seen as controversial due to their
scale, costs and environmental or developmental impacts. Green Revolution in India and hydropower development in Canada
could not have been accomplished without such man-made transfers.(COURTSEY WIKIPEDIA).
PARAMBIKULAM-ALIYAR
A BRIEF
THIS PROJECT IS A SYMBOL OF INTER-STATE
CO-OPERATION OF THE TWO NEIGHBOURING STATES OF INDIA- KERALA AND TAMIL NADU.
THIS IMAGINATIVE CONCEPT AND BOLD APPROACH AND INGENIOUS IN PLANNING AND
BENEFICIAL FOR BOTH TAMILNADU AND KERALASTATE WOULD NOT HAVE BEEN POSSIBLE BUT
FOR THE ACTIVE INVOLVEMENT OF STATESMEN LIKE SRI.K.KAMARAJ, THE THEN TAMILNADU
CHIEF MINISTER AND SRI. E.M.S NAMBOOTHIRIPPAD, THE THEN KERALA CHIEF MINISTER. THE
THEN PRIME MINISTER OF INDIA SRI.JAWAHARLAL NEHRU GAVE HIS FULL FLEDGED SUPPORT
TO THE WATER RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT PROJECT WHICH IS UNIQUE IN NATURE.
Let us talk about it.
Sunday, June 3, 2012
Saturday, June 2, 2012
Freequently Asked Question-Basic Civil
Hi Everybody,
What are the questions frequently asked in basic civil engineering?
1.Define Surveying
2.What are the Principles of Surveying?
3.Mention the uses of cement
4.What are the constituents of concrete?
5.Define Bearing Capacity of soil.
6.Write the functions of foundation.
7.Define column ,beam and lintel
8.Draw neat sketches of queen closer and king closer.
9.Write different types of bridges,
10.What are the sources of water supply?
11.What is leveling?
12.Give examples of igneous rock,sedimentary rock,and metamorphic rock
13.what is hydration of cement?
14.What is meant by M15 concrete?
15.Define safe bearing capacity.
16.Give a list of bonds in brick works.
17.What are the usual causes of failure of foundation?
18.What is the difference between pier and abutment?
19.What is the function of infiltration gallery?
20. What is Water-bound macadam in roads construction?
21.Find area using Simpsons rule and trapezoidal rule.
22.Define chain surveying.explain about various instrument used in chain survey.
23.Explain about different types of construction materials.
24.Explain the properties of a)Concrete b)Cement c)Timber d) plywood e) paints
25.What are the factors affecting bearing capacity of soil?
26.Explain briefly the methods to improve bearing capacity of soil.
27.Explain the types of foundation with neat sketches.
28.Write down the difference between the English bond and Flemish bond.
29.Draw neatly the arrangement of 11/2 brick thick wall in English bond.
30.What are the difference between brick masonry and stone masonry
31. Explain the different type of flooring with neat drawing .write their merit and demerit.
32.explain the types of dam
33. Write the various operations involved in water treatment with neat sketch.
34.write different methods for distribution of water in cities and town.
35.what are the classification of bricks? what are the constituents of brick?
36.What are the qualities of good brick/
37.What are the character of soft and hard timber?
38.Explain in detail different methods of Seasoning of Timber.
39.draw neat sketches of i)isolated foundation ii) combined footing iii) Under reamed pile foundation.
40. Explain various kinds of rubble masonry.
41.Explain the importance of roads in the development of a country.
42.What is water bound macadam explain with neat sketch.
43.What are the types of bridges ? Why they are necessary for transportation?
44.Give a neat sketch of plan and elevation of a bridge and name its components.
45.what are the purposes of dams?
46.Explain with neat sketches various types of earthen dams.
47.what is the difference with a culvert and bridge .explain.
48.what are causeways?
49.What are the difference between Damp proof Course and Weathering Coat / Explain
50.. Explain the defects in plastering and the remedies for minimizing the defects in plastering
Oh too long .
It is easy to ask questions but very difficult to answer. Isn't it?
Wish you all success in your exams.
READ, w Rite,REPEAT,REMEMBER AND REPRODUCE .
What are the questions frequently asked in basic civil engineering?
1.Define Surveying
2.What are the Principles of Surveying?
3.Mention the uses of cement
4.What are the constituents of concrete?
5.Define Bearing Capacity of soil.
6.Write the functions of foundation.
7.Define column ,beam and lintel
8.Draw neat sketches of queen closer and king closer.
9.Write different types of bridges,
10.What are the sources of water supply?
11.What is leveling?
12.Give examples of igneous rock,sedimentary rock,and metamorphic rock
13.what is hydration of cement?
14.What is meant by M15 concrete?
15.Define safe bearing capacity.
16.Give a list of bonds in brick works.
17.What are the usual causes of failure of foundation?
18.What is the difference between pier and abutment?
19.What is the function of infiltration gallery?
20. What is Water-bound macadam in roads construction?
21.Find area using Simpsons rule and trapezoidal rule.
22.Define chain surveying.explain about various instrument used in chain survey.
23.Explain about different types of construction materials.
24.Explain the properties of a)Concrete b)Cement c)Timber d) plywood e) paints
25.What are the factors affecting bearing capacity of soil?
26.Explain briefly the methods to improve bearing capacity of soil.
27.Explain the types of foundation with neat sketches.
28.Write down the difference between the English bond and Flemish bond.
29.Draw neatly the arrangement of 11/2 brick thick wall in English bond.
30.What are the difference between brick masonry and stone masonry
31. Explain the different type of flooring with neat drawing .write their merit and demerit.
32.explain the types of dam
33. Write the various operations involved in water treatment with neat sketch.
34.write different methods for distribution of water in cities and town.
35.what are the classification of bricks? what are the constituents of brick?
36.What are the qualities of good brick/
37.What are the character of soft and hard timber?
38.Explain in detail different methods of Seasoning of Timber.
39.draw neat sketches of i)isolated foundation ii) combined footing iii) Under reamed pile foundation.
40. Explain various kinds of rubble masonry.
41.Explain the importance of roads in the development of a country.
42.What is water bound macadam explain with neat sketch.
43.What are the types of bridges ? Why they are necessary for transportation?
44.Give a neat sketch of plan and elevation of a bridge and name its components.
45.what are the purposes of dams?
46.Explain with neat sketches various types of earthen dams.
47.what is the difference with a culvert and bridge .explain.
48.what are causeways?
49.What are the difference between Damp proof Course and Weathering Coat / Explain
50.. Explain the defects in plastering and the remedies for minimizing the defects in plastering
Oh too long .
It is easy to ask questions but very difficult to answer. Isn't it?
Wish you all success in your exams.
READ, w Rite,REPEAT,REMEMBER AND REPRODUCE .
Saturday, May 12, 2012
F.AQ in IRRIGATION
Hi Everybody!
What are the Frequently Asked Questions in IRRIGATION? this may be your Question.
Here are Some .
1) What is irrigation? It is the artificial supply of water to the field for thwe growth of plants .
2)What is the need for irrigation? what are the benefits ?
3) What are the different sources of irrigation ? Explain in detail
4) What are the different Methods of irrigation .Explain with neat sketches .and advantage and disadvantages of each one.
Explain in detail the scope of development in India and history of development of irrigation in India.
5)Write the concept of duty and what are the factors affecting duty?
6) what are the difference between duty and delta explain in detaial. now you have covered almost all FAQ in unit I .Irrigation as a science
Now coming to UNIT-2 Crop water requirement .
It is the portion most of the irrigation engineers don't give importance as they think it is the duty of Agriculture officers and agricultural engineers to worry about. But it is very important for a civil engineer to know something about CROP_SOIL_WATER relation ship.
What is EVAPO_TRANSPIRSATION ? What do you understand by consumptive use ?How will you assess the crop water requirement ? What do you understand by GIR,NIR,? What is effective rainfall? What do you understand by Precipitation ? discuss in detail about the water cycle or hydro-logical cycle.
what do you understand about water-logging ? how to remedy it?
NEXT ......
CONVEYANCE AND DISTRIBUTION OF IRRIGATION WATER effeciently is the main duty of an IRRIGATION ENGINEER.
What is a Head work? What are the important diversion and storage works ? How a canal is designed .What are the design formulae?
What do you understand about the distribution system -Main canal,Branch canal, Distributory,Field channel ,watercourses,Minor distributery etc.. ?
What do you understand by CD works and CM works? Give examples of Cross drainage works .
Name some of Cross masonry works .
differentiate between superpassage and undertunnel.
Aqueduct and siphon aqueduct. Culvert and bridge
IT is very important for an engineer to be a Manager also. WATER MANAGEMENT is needed now adays as the supply and demand doesnot match.
What is the need for optimising water use?
How to improve productivity of crop with unit quantity of water?
How to minimise the loss of water in irrigation?
What are the physicasl structures used to control the supply of water to land ?
Why operational rules and regulations needed ?
What do you know about WUA(Water Users Association)?
What do you understand about PIM (PARTICIPATORY IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT)?
What are the advanTAGES OF LINING CANALAL ? WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF LINING?
NEXT BECOMES THE VERY IMPORTANT CHAPTER .
DESIGN OF STRUCTURES .
WHAT ARE THE CAUSES OF FAILURE OF AN EARTHEN DAM /? HOW WILL YOU DESIGN AN EARTHEN DAM .
WHAT DO YOU UNDERSTAND BY PIPING? HOW TO AVOID IT?
WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF DAMS .HOMOGENEOUS AND ZONED .WHAT DO YOU UNDERSTAND .EXPLAIN WITH NEAT SKETCH.
WHAT IS BLIGHES THOERY .HOW WILL YOU DESIGN A WEIR?
WHAT ARE THE DESIGN CRITERIA OF DESIGNING A SIMPLE MASONRY DAM?
THEN
PROBLEMS ? wORKED OUT NUMERICAL PROBLEMS . oNCE YOU ARE THOUROUGH ABOUT FORMULA IT IS EASY TO SOLVE .
NOW YOU FIND OUT ANSWERS FOR THESE FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS .
WISH YOU ALL GRAND SUCCESS IN YOUR EXAMINATIONS.
PROF RAJAGOPAL
What are the Frequently Asked Questions in IRRIGATION? this may be your Question.
Here are Some .
1) What is irrigation? It is the artificial supply of water to the field for thwe growth of plants .
2)What is the need for irrigation? what are the benefits ?
3) What are the different sources of irrigation ? Explain in detail
4) What are the different Methods of irrigation .Explain with neat sketches .and advantage and disadvantages of each one.
Explain in detail the scope of development in India and history of development of irrigation in India.
5)Write the concept of duty and what are the factors affecting duty?
6) what are the difference between duty and delta explain in detaial. now you have covered almost all FAQ in unit I .Irrigation as a science
Now coming to UNIT-2 Crop water requirement .
It is the portion most of the irrigation engineers don't give importance as they think it is the duty of Agriculture officers and agricultural engineers to worry about. But it is very important for a civil engineer to know something about CROP_SOIL_WATER relation ship.
What is EVAPO_TRANSPIRSATION ? What do you understand by consumptive use ?How will you assess the crop water requirement ? What do you understand by GIR,NIR,? What is effective rainfall? What do you understand by Precipitation ? discuss in detail about the water cycle or hydro-logical cycle.
what do you understand about water-logging ? how to remedy it?
NEXT ......
CONVEYANCE AND DISTRIBUTION OF IRRIGATION WATER effeciently is the main duty of an IRRIGATION ENGINEER.
What is a Head work? What are the important diversion and storage works ? How a canal is designed .What are the design formulae?
What do you understand about the distribution system -Main canal,Branch canal, Distributory,Field channel ,watercourses,Minor distributery etc.. ?
What do you understand by CD works and CM works? Give examples of Cross drainage works .
Name some of Cross masonry works .
differentiate between superpassage and undertunnel.
Aqueduct and siphon aqueduct. Culvert and bridge
IT is very important for an engineer to be a Manager also. WATER MANAGEMENT is needed now adays as the supply and demand doesnot match.
What is the need for optimising water use?
How to improve productivity of crop with unit quantity of water?
How to minimise the loss of water in irrigation?
What are the physicasl structures used to control the supply of water to land ?
Why operational rules and regulations needed ?
What do you know about WUA(Water Users Association)?
What do you understand about PIM (PARTICIPATORY IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT)?
What are the advanTAGES OF LINING CANALAL ? WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF LINING?
NEXT BECOMES THE VERY IMPORTANT CHAPTER .
DESIGN OF STRUCTURES .
WHAT ARE THE CAUSES OF FAILURE OF AN EARTHEN DAM /? HOW WILL YOU DESIGN AN EARTHEN DAM .
WHAT DO YOU UNDERSTAND BY PIPING? HOW TO AVOID IT?
WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF DAMS .HOMOGENEOUS AND ZONED .WHAT DO YOU UNDERSTAND .EXPLAIN WITH NEAT SKETCH.
WHAT IS BLIGHES THOERY .HOW WILL YOU DESIGN A WEIR?
WHAT ARE THE DESIGN CRITERIA OF DESIGNING A SIMPLE MASONRY DAM?
THEN
PROBLEMS ? wORKED OUT NUMERICAL PROBLEMS . oNCE YOU ARE THOUROUGH ABOUT FORMULA IT IS EASY TO SOLVE .
NOW YOU FIND OUT ANSWERS FOR THESE FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS .
WISH YOU ALL GRAND SUCCESS IN YOUR EXAMINATIONS.
PROF RAJAGOPAL
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